Article: removal of chlorides from copper (2007)

Title: In-situ spectroelectrochemical studies of the removal of chlorides from copper
Authors: Annemie Adriaens, Mark Dowsett
Reference: METAL 07, vol. 3
Link: http://hdl.handle.net/... (pdf, 484 Kb)

Abstract

This paper describes corrosion potential measurements of corroded copper samples taken whilst acquiring timeresolved X-ray diffraction or X-ray absorption data in a synchrotron beam line. The surface structure of the samples and its evolution, whilst under simulated conservation treatment in sodium sesquicarbonate, were examined using X-ray diffraction. The fluid chemistry over the sample was monitored during identical experiments using X-ray absorption. All measurements were carried out with the sample immersed (i.e. without the need to expose the sample to air). Processes were followed from initial wetting of the surfaces through to the cessation of measurable change. A webcam was used to make a simultaneous visual record of the sample and its environment. The experiments aim at contributing to the improvement of conservation methods for cupreous artefacts recovered from marine environments.

Physico-Chemical Research of Cultural Heritage Materials Using Microanalytical methods (2009)

Title: Physico-Chemical Research of Cultural Heritage Materials Using Microanalytical methods
Author: Liz Karen Herrera Quintero
Advisors: Ángel Justo Erbez and José Luis Pérez Rodríguez
Publisher: Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (ICMS-CSIC), Universidad de Sevilla
Pages: 223 pages
Year: 2009
ISBN: 846920906-X
Type: Doctoral thesis
Site: http://hdl.handle.net/...

Abstract:

The research work included in this thesis is focused on the characterisation of five different materials: paintings, baroque mirrors, natural fibres, organ pipes and several metallic artefacts, which are representative of Spanish Cultural Heritage. All of these ornamental elements are characteristic of the Andalusian Baroque period of art. One of the main contributions of this work is the application of synchrotron radiation-based techniques at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) within the Cultural Heritage Group. These synchrotron x-ray techniques were carried out in combination with other analytical laboratory techniques such as x-ray diffraction, micro-infrared, micro-Raman spectroscopy, optical and electron microscopy, and mass spectrometry. Synchrotron radiation was very powerful and useful in the detection, analysis and distribution of different elements and crystal phases. These findings are critical to the different aspects of the artwork.

Index (short version):

Chapter I. Studies and Research of Paintings
I.1. Advanced Combined Application of μ-X-ray Diffraction/μ-X-ray Fluorescence with Conventional Techniques for the Identification of Pictorial Materials from Baroque Andalusia Paintings
I. 2. Characterisation of iron oxide-based pigments by micro X-Ray diffraction
I. 3. Synchrotron-based X-ray experiments used for the study of an iron oxide micrometric pigment in 18th century paintings
I. 4. Characterisation of azurite and malachite pigments by combined application of μ-X-ray diffraction/μ-X-ray fluorescence in cross section from Spanish Baroque paintings

Chapter II. Studies on Ancient Mirrors
II.1. Hg/Sn amalgam degradation of ancient glass mirrors
II.2. Study of nanocrystalline SnO2 particles formed during the corrosion processes of ancient amalgam mirrors

Chapter III. Studies on Baroque Metallic Organ Pipes
III.1. Chemical composition of the metal pipes of Spanish baroque organs as determined by laboratory and synchrotron techniques
III.2. Chemical composition of the red pipes of a Spanish baroque organ

Chapter IV. Studies of Ancient Fibres
IV. Identification of cellulose fibres belonging to Spanish cultural heritage using synchrotron x-ray diffraction and laboratory techniques

Chapter V. Studies of Metallic Artefacts
V. Analysis of cultural heritage metallic artefacts from Andalusia

Chapter VI. Conclusions
Chapter VII. Resumen