Thesis: Laser Cleaning of Metal Artifacts (2006)

Title: Laser Cleaning as a Conservation Technique for Corroded Metal Artifacts
Author: Yang Sook Koh
University: Luleå University of Technology
Year: 2006
Pages: 114
ISSN: 1402-1544
Type of document: Thesis
Link: http://epubl.luth.se/... (pdf, 4.5 Mb)

Abstract:

Preservation of cultural property for the future is one of the most important activities of our society. The information which we can gather from such materials is a valuable key to understanding the past. Conservation is a process which includes a range of different treatments. Cleaning is one of the critical steps of the conservation process and involves stabilizing the material and the exposure of hidden details on the surface of the artifact in question. As the artifacts are often fragile and irreplaceable it is very important to choose suitable techniques and methods to avoid damage. Research is still continuing to develop new or improved techniques. One of these new techniques is laser cleaning which has shown good potential as a cleaning tool in many material categories in conservation work.

Table of Contents (short version):

1. Introduction
2. The ethics of 'Laser cleaning as a conservation technique for corroded metal artifacts'
3. (Paper A) Cleaning of corroded iron artifacts using pulsed TEA CO2- and Nd:YAG-lasers
4. (Paper B) The removal of layers of corrosion from steel surfaces: A comparison of laser methods and mechanical techniques
5. (Paper C) Removal of adhesives and coatings from iron artifacts using TEA CO2- and Nd:YAG-lasers
6. (Paper D) Experimental study on the effect of wavelength in the laser cleaning of silver threads
7. (Paper E) Cleaning oxides from copper artifacts using a frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser

Article: characterization of pigments by reflectance spectroscopy (2008)

Title: Optical characterization of pigments by reflectance spectroscopy in support of UV laser cleaning treatments
Authors: S. Acquaviva, E. D’Anna, M. L. De Giorgi, A. Della Patria, L. Pezzati
Reference: Applied Physics A, Volume 92, Number 1, July 2008, pp. 223-227
DOI: 10.1007/s00339-008-4486-2
Download: http://www.ino.it/... (pdf, 344 Kb)

Abstract:

The study of optical properties of artwork materials is of fundamental importance for laser-based restoration techniques. In this work, reflectance spectroscopic measurements and colorimetric analyses of painted wooden models were performed to discriminate between pigments on the basis of their spectral features. In particular, the spectral reflection factors of different white pigments were recorded with a fibre optics reflectance spectroscopy module, both before and after excimer laser (248 nm) irradiation. Colour data were obtained and monitored with an integrating sphere spectrophotometer and expressed with the CIE L*a*b* colour coordinates. Moreover, the laser-induced morphological changes of the samples were investigated by scanning electron microscopy.

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Chapter: Principles of Laser Cleaning in Conservation (2007)

Chapter title: Principles of Laser Cleaning in Conservation
Author: Salvatore Siano
Book title: Handbook on the Use of Lasers in Conservation and Conservation Science
Editors: M. Schreiner, M. Strlic
Pages: 26
Year: 2007
Download: http://www.ino.it/... (pdf, 553 Kb)
Note: the book is available in html format at http://alpha1.infim.ro/...

Table of contents:

2.1 Principles of Laser Cleaning in Conservation
2.1.1 Introduction
2.1.2 Historical Note
2.1.3 Laser Systems and Parameters
2.1.4 Linear Laser-Material Interaction
2.1.4.1 Absorption and Scattering
2.1.4.2 Laser Heating
2.1.4.3 Photoacoustic Effects
2.1.5 Non-linear Interaction Effects
2.1.6 Note on Laser induced Plasma
2.1.7 Ablation Channels
2.1.7.1 Ablation Rate
2.1.8 Conclusive Note
2.1.9 Supporting Information
2.1.9.1 References


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Use of Lasers in Conservation (2008)

Title: Handbook on the Use of Lasers in Conservation and Conservation Science
Editors: M. Schreiner, M. Strlič, R. Salimbeni.
Publisher: COST office, Brussels, Belgium
Year: 2008.
e-version ISBN-10: 973 88109 30
e-version ISBN-13: 978 973 88109 3 8
Link: http://alpha1.infim.ro/...

Table of contents (compact version):

1. The Principles of Laser
1.1. Fundamentals

2. Laser Cleaning
2.1. Principles of Laser Cleaning
2.2. Stone
2.3. Paintings
2.4. Paper and Other Organic Materials
2.5. Lasers and Biodeterioration
2.6. Safety

3. Documentation and Diagnosis
3.1. 3D Laser Scanning of Architectural Sites
3.2. 3D Laser Scanning of Artworks
3.3. Laser Doppler Vibrometry
3.4. Interferometry
3.5. Shearography
3.6. Fluorescence LIDAR

4. Analysis
4.1. Raman Spectroscopy
4.2. LIBS
4.3. LIF
4.4. Fluorescence lifetime Imaging
4.5. Laser Ablation Sampling Methods